Index:

V

• Vacuum condensers, air-cooled, 3.8.9-2/3.8.9-3
• Vacuum equipment, operational problems of,
• in condensers, 3.18.4-2
• Vacuum operation, of reboilers, 3.6.4-3
• Valeric acid, see Pentanoic acid
• Valle, A., 2.3.6-1/2.3.6-10
• Valves:
• loss coefficients in, 2.2.2-21
• open, two-phase gas-liquid flow pressure losses in, 2.3.2-18
• Vaned bends, single-phase flow and pressure drop in, 2.2.2-18
• Vapor blanketing, as mechanism of critical heat flux, 2.7.3-27
• in kettle reboilers, 3.6.2-5/3.6.2-7
• as source of accelerated corrosion, 4.5.3-4
• Vapor injection, effect of on boiling heat transfer in tube bundles, 2.7.5-5
• Vapor-liquid disengagement, in kettle reboilers, 3.6.2-73.6.2-8
• Vapor-liquid separation, for evaporators, 3.5.4-1/3.5.4-2
• Vapor mixtures, condensation of, 2.6.3-1/2.6.3-25
• Vapor pressure, 5.1.3-1/5.1.3-4
• Ambrose-Walton corresponding states method for, 5.1.3-3/5.1.3-4
• Antoine equation for, 5.1.3-1
• Gomez-Thodas method for, 5.1.3-2/5.1.3-3
• Lee and Kesler equation for, 5.1.3-2
• Two-reference fluid correlation for, 5.1.3-4
• Wagner equation for, 5.1.3-1/5.1.3-2
• Vapor recompression, in evaporation, 3.5.3-2
• in plate evaporator systems
• mechanical vapour recompression, 3.7.4-3/3.7.4-4
• thermovapour recompression, 3.7.4-3
• Vapor suppression, 3.20.4-4
• Vaporization, choice of evaporator type for, 3.5.5-2
• in plate-fin heat exchangers, 3.9.13-1/3.9.13-2
• Vaporization, heat of (see Heat of vaporization)
• Vaporizer, double bundle, constructional features, 4.2.3-9
• Vaporizers, operational problems of, 3.18.5-1/3.18.5-4
• dryout and burnout, 3.18.5-2
• foaming, 3.18.5-3
• fouling, 3.18.5-2/3.18.5-3
• loss of nucleation, 3.18.5-1
• Vapors, saturation properties of, 5.5.1-1/5.5.1-98
• Vapors, properties of superheated, 5.5.10-1/5.5.10-21
• Velocity, conversion of units, xxix, xlv-lvi
• chart for, li
• Velocity defect law:
• for turbulent boundary layers, 2.2.1-30
• universal, 2.2.2-3
• Velocity distribution:
• in circular pipe flow, 2.2.2-3
• distorted inlet, effect on single-phase flow and pressure drop, 2.2.2-12
• Velocity fluctuations, in turbulent pipe flow, 2.2.2-4/2.2.2-5
• Velocity ratio (slip ratio):
• in gas-liquid flow, 2.3.2-13
• in solid-gas flow, 2.3.3-4
• Venting of condensers, 3.4.3-7/3.4.3-8, 3.4.5-2
• Vermiculite, exfoliated, for gaskets, 4.12.2-2/4.12.2-3
• Vertical condensers:
• in-tube, downflow, 3.4.3-1/3.4.3-2
• in-tube, upflow, 3.4.3-2
• in-tube, reflux, 3.4.3-2/3.4.3-3
• outside tube, 3.4.3-6
• Vertical cones (see Cones, vertical)
• Vertical cylinders (see Cylinders; Vertical pipes; Pipes, circular)
• Vertical cylindrical fired heater, 3.11.2-1
• Vertical pipes:
• annular flow in, 2.3.2-19/2.3.2-21
• boiling in, 2.7.3-1/2.7.3-50
• critical heat flux, 2.7.3-17/2.7.3-37
• heat transfer in region where critical heat flux has been exceeded, 2.7.3-37/2.7.3-43
• regimes of flow and heat transfer in, 2.7.3-1/2.7.3-6
• saturated boiling, 2.7.3-11/2.7.3-17
• subcooled boiling, 2.7.3-6/2.7.3-11
• bubble flow in, 2.3.2-18/2.3.2-19
• combined free and forced convective heat transfer in:
• laminar flow (assisting convection), 2.5.10-2/2.5.10-6
• laminar flow (opposing convection), 2.5.10-6
• regimes in, 2.5.10-2
• turbulent convection, 2.5.10-6
• condensation in, 2.6.2-2/2.6.2-8
• effect of interfacial shear, 2.6.2-5/2.6.2-7
• effect of waves and turbulence, 2.6.2-4/2.6.2-5
• laminar flow, 2.6.2-2/2.6.2-4
• reflux condensation, 2.6.2-7/2.6.2-9
• condensers with condensation inside, 3.4.3-1/3.4.3-3
• downflow, 3.4.3-1/3.4.3-2, 3.4.9-2/3.4.9-3
• upflow, 3.4.3-2/3.4.3-3, 3.4.9-3
• condensers with condensation outside, 3.4.3-6, 3.4.9-4
• flooding in: in gas-liquid vertical flow, 2.3.2-21/2.3.2-23
• in reflux condensation, 2.6.2-7/2.6.2-9
• flow regimes in gas-liquid flow in, 2.3.2-1/2.3.2-2
• flow regimes in liquid-liquid flow in, 2.3.5-4/2.3.5-7 2.3.5-20/2.3.5-29
• free convective heat transfer from outside, 2.5.7-23/2.5.7-24
• hydraulic conveyance in, 2.3.4-1/2.3.4-3
• plug (or slug) flow in, 2.3.2-19
• pneumatic conveyance in, 2.3.3-1
• (See also Pipes, circular; Pipes, noncircular)
• Vertical plates (see Vertical surfaces)
• Vertical surfaces:
• combined free and forced convective heat transfer to, 2.5.9-1/2.5.9-4
• combined heat and mass transfer on, 2.5.7-12
• film boiling in forced convection on, 2.7.3-39
• filmwise condensation on, 2.6.2-2/2.6.2-9
• free convective heat transfer from, 2.5.7-2/2.5.7-13
• combined equation for uniform wall temperature case, 2.5.7-5/2.5.7-6
• dimensionless groupings for, 2.5.7-2/2.5.7-3
• laminar flow with uniform wall temperature, 2.5.7-3/2.5.7-4
• non-Newtonian, 2.5.7-10/2.5.7-11
• solution for uniform heat flux, 2.5.7-6/2.5.7-9
• transient behavior of, 2.5.7-9/2.5.7-11
• transition flow with uniform wall temperature, 2.5.7-4/2.5.7-5
• turbulent flow with uniform wall temperature, 2.5.7-4/2.5.7-5
• free convective mass transfer to, 2.5.7-11/2.5.7-12
• pool boiling from, 2.7.2-1/2.7.2-24
• Vertical thermosiphon reboilers:
• calculation procedures for, 3.6.5-3/3.6.5-4
• heat transfer characteristics of, 3.6.2-8/3.6.2-13
• convective and nucleate boiling, 3.6.2-9
• film boiling in, 3.6.2-11/3.6.2-12
• heat flux limitations in, 3.6.2-9/3.6.2-11
• mist flow, 3.6.2-12
• temperature profiles in, 3.6.2-12/3.6.2-13
• shell-side characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages, 3.6.1-6
• tube-side characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages, 3.6.1-5/3.6.1-6
• Vertical tubes (see Vertical pipes)
• Vessels, see mechanical design
• Vessels of rectangular cross section, EN13445 guidance for, 4.3.3-16
• Vetere method, for enthalpy of vaporisation, 5.1.3-6
• Vibrated beds, heat transfer to, 2.8.3-5/2.8.3-6
• Vibration:
• in augmentation of heat transfer, 2.5.11-3, 2.5.11-4, 2.5.11-8/2.7.9-4
• finite element methods in, 4.1.9-5/4.1.9-8
• numerical methods for prediction of occurrence of, 1.4.2-4
• of tubes, for fouling mitigation, 3.17.8-5
• (See also Flow-induced vibration)
• Vinyl acetate:
• liquid properties, 5.5.10-79
• saturation properties, 5.5.1-80
• superheated vapor properties, 5.5.11-79
• Vinyl benzene:
• liquid properties, 5.5.10-48
• saturation properties, 5.5.1-51
• superheated vapor properties, 5.5.11-48
• Vinyl chloride:
• liquid properties, 5.5.10-130
• saturation properties, 5.5.1-130
• superheated vapor properties, 5.5.11-129
• Virial equation:
• for density of gas mixtures, 5.2.1-2/5.2.1-3
• for density of pure gases, 5.1.1-7/5.1.2-9
• Visco-elastic fluids, flow of, 2.2.8-15
• Viscometric functions (non-Newtonian flow), methods of determining, 2.2.8-4
• Viscosity:
• conversion of units for, xxx, xlv-lvi
• of emulsions, 2.3.5-16/2.3.5-19
• of fluids at elevated pressure, 5.5.14-1/5.5.14-56
• of heat transfer media, 5.5.15-1/5.5.15-68
• of heavy water, 5.5.9-2/5.5.9-3
• liquid, effect on critical heat flux in pool boiling, 2.7.2-12
• of liquid water, 5.5.3-4
• of liquids below their boiling point, 5.5.10-1/5.5.10-175
• of multicomponent mixtures, 5.2.3-2/5.2.3-6
• non-Newtonian, 2.2.8-2
• of pure fluids 5.1.3-1
• gases, 5.1.4-1
• liquids, 5.1.4-1/5.1.4-5
• relation with density for gases, 2.2.1-10
• of saturated liquids and vapors, 5.5.1-1/5.5.1-178
• of seawater, 5.5.13-3
• small variations in, 2.2.1-11
• of superheated gases, 5.5.11-1/5.5.11-175
• variation with temperature:
• Chapman-Rubescin formula for, 2.2.1-11
• Sutherland formula for, 2.2.1-11
• of water, 5.5.3-24
• Viscosity number (Vi), 2.3.2-19
• Viscous dissipation, influence on heat transfer in non-Newtonian flows, 2.5.12-10/2.5.12-14
• Viscous sublayer, in duct flow, 2.2.2-2
• Void fraction, 2.3.1-3
• correlations for in gas-liquid flow, 2.3.2-13/2.3.2-15
• CISE correlations for, 2.3.2-14/2.3.2-15
• drift flux models for, 2.3.2-13/2.3.2-14
• homogeneous, 2.3.2-13
• Martinelli correlations for, 2.3.2-14
• in foams, 2.12.1-2/2.12.1-3
• in microchannels, 2.13.4-3/2.13.4-4
• models for in gas-liquid flow:
• horizontal stratified flow, 2.3.2-23/2.3.2-24
• vertical bubble flow, 2.3.2-18/2.3.2-19
• vertical plug flow, 2.3.2-19
• in subcooled boiling, 2.7.3-9/2.7.3-10
• Voidage, in fixed beds, definition, 2.2.5-1
• Volt (SI unit), xxviii
• Volume, conversion of units, xxix, xlv-lvi
• conversion chart for, l
• Volume flow rate, unit conversion chart for, li
• Volumetric heat transfer coefficient, 1.1.2-2
• Volumetric mass transfer coefficient, 1.1.2-2
• von Karman friction factor equation for fully rough surface, 2.2.2-3
• von Karman velocity defect law, 2.2.1-30
• Vortex shedding:
• from single cylinders, 2.2.3-3/2,2,3-4
• as source of tube vibration, 4.6.4-1/4.6.4-2
• in tube banks, 2.2.4-15/2.2.4-16
• Votator, agitator, 3.14.2-1
• heat transfer with, 3.14.3-6