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Practical Heat Transfer

ISBN
1-56700-216-1

Print version

Author of several well-received Process Engineering Guides in Heat Transfer, Peter Hills brings more than 25 years of experience in a variety of thermal applications. The book provides a practical insight into the design, operations, specification, and purchasing of heat transfer equipment. The engineer is led through logical understanding of all processes involved and taught to distinguish the practical applications from the computer codes. Covers a wide and detailed variety of process and power equipment.



340 pages, © 2005

PRATICAL HEAT TRANSFER / CHAPTER 7 - SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS

Table of contents:

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CHAPTER 7 - SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGERS

7.1 INTRODUCTION

7.2 TYPES OF SHELL AND TUBE EXCHANGER

7.2.1 Shell Types

7.2.1.1 Single Tube-Side Pass

7.2.1.2 Multiple tube-side passes

7.2.1.3 Other Shell Types

7.2.2 Head Types

7.2.3 Fluid Allocation

7.2.3.1 Materials of Construction

7.2.3.2 Fouling

7.2.3.3 Pressures

7.2.3.4 Flowrates

7.2.3.5 Pressure Drops

7.2.3.6 Enhancement of heat transfer

7.2.3.7 Cooling of viscous fluids

7.3 MECHANICAL CONSTRAINTS ON THERMAL DESIGN

7.3.1 Design Codes and Standards

7.3.2 Standard Dimensions

7.3.2.1 Shell Diameters

7.3.2.2 Tube Lengths

7.3.2.3 Tube Diameters

7.3.2.4 Tube Wall Thicknesses

7.3.3 Tube Wall Thicknesses

7.3.3.1 Tube Pitch

7.3.3.2 Pass partition lane widths

7.3.3.3 Minimum 'U' bend clearance

7.3.3.4 Tube-to-baffle clearance

7.3.3.5 Baffle-to-shell clearance

7.3.3.6 Bundle-to-shell clearance

7.3.4 Tubesheet thickness

7.3.5 End zone lengths

7.3.5.1 Design of End Zones

7.3.6 Tube counts

7.3.6.1 Program correlations

7.3.6.2 Use of tubecount tables

7.3.6.3 Graphical layout

7.3.6.4 Use of tubesheet design programs

7.3.6.5 Impingement plates

7.3.6.6 Tie-rods and bundle runners

7.4 TUBE VIBRATION

7.4.1 Mechanisms of Vibration

7.4.1.1 Turbulent and Two-Phase Buffeting

7.4.1.2 Acoustic Resonance

7.4.1.3 Periodic Wake Shedding

7.4.1.4 Fluid-Elastic Instability

7.4.2 Tube Natural Frequencies

7.4.3 Mechanical Damping

7.4.4 Critical Velocities

7.4.5 Assessment of Risk of Vibration Damage

7.4.6 Designing to Avoid Vibration

7.4.6.1 Reducing baffle spacing

7.4.6.2 End lengths

7.4.6.3 Auxiliary Support Baffles

7.4.6.4 No Tubes in Window Designs

7.4.6.5 Rod Baffle Exchangers

7.4.6.6 Double Segmental Baffles

7.4.6.7 Use of a TEMA J-Shell

7.4.6.8 Twisted Tube' Exchangers

7.4.6.9 U-tube Bundles

REFERENCES FOR CHAPTER 7

SYMBOLS USED IN CHAPTER 7